Solution: Human Capital

Answer: MANPOWER

Written by Justin Melvin

In this puzzle, each line represents the first letters in a statement about a famous person who goes professionally by a name with an initial.
In addition, each clue has a letter replaced by 'X'.
The initials for the famous people spell the cluephrase WORK OVER TIME (POWER, as in physics, work (N*m) divided by time (s) = power)

The 'X' letters in order spell the cluephrase GROWN UP DUDE (MAN)

Each underscore is a word. They are there to help parse the cluephrases (so WORK OVER TIME vs WORK OVERTIME). The . refers to the initials of the people in the statements, and X is the substituted letter. The + is just concatenation of the answers to each cluephrase.

Concatenating the the parts gives the answer

Clues

George W Bush, the 2-time President who began the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan over weapons of mass destruction, had 3 Attorneys General (heads of the Department of Justice)

Karen O was the lead singer on the Yeah Yeah Yeah's debut album Fever to Tell, with last track "Modern Romance"

Fritz the Cat and Mister Natural were creations of R Crumb from the Keep on Truckin' Underground Comix. Crumb's first job was at American Greetings in Columbus, Ohio.

Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? (source material for Blade Runner) and "We Can Remember It for You Wholesale" (source material for Total Recall) were works by Philip K Dick

O Henry, the pen name of William Sydney Porter, wrote "The Gift of the Magi," "The Duplicity of Hargraves," "The Ransom of Red Chief," and "Nothing New Under the Sun."

In Bill and Ted's Excellent Adventure, Robert V Barron played a former President of the United States

The crab Sebastian in Disney's The Little Mermaid was played by Samuel E Wright, who sang "Kiss the Girl" and was chased by a French chef in "Le Poisson"

Edward R Murrows was a war correspondent and a CBS broadcast journalist on See It Now (depicted in the movie Good Night and Good Luck, played by David Strathairn)

James T Kirk was a TV captain of USS Enterprise on Star Trek.

Architect of the Louvre Pyramid in Paris, France and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in Columbus, Ohio, I M Pei also designed the Museum of Islamic Art in Doha, Qatar

Fictional mascot of Mad Magazine (a humor magazine with features such as "Spy vs Spy" and "Letters and Tomato Department" (not Letters to the Editor)), Alfred E Neuman has the catch phrase, "What, me worry?"