Solution: Macroeconomics
Answer: CARDINAL

Written by Kenny Young

The $ signs can be replaced with:

#define a      set
#define n c ## math
#define v      typeinfo
#define d      vector

#define b      short
#define c      sizeof
#define e      template
#define f      int
#define g      class
#define h      erase
#define i      at
#define j      public
#define k      begin
#define l      else
#define m      if
#define o      find
#define p      do
#define q      std
#define r      insert
#define s      for
#define t      while
#define u      name
#define w      size
#define x      void
#define y      end
#define z      typeid
#define B      return
#define C      sqrt
#define D      printf
#define E      unsigned
#define F      char
#define G      main
#define H      auto
#define I      long

so the code expands to:

#include <cstdio>
#include <set>
#include <cmath>
#include <typeinfo>
#include <vector>

class Helper
{
public:
    template<class T>
    void RemoveDups(std::vector<T>& v)
    {
        // remove duplicates
        std::set<T> seen;
        unsigned int x = 0;
        do
        {
            T y = v.at(x);
            if (seen.find(y) != seen.end())
            {
                v.erase(v.begin() + x);
            }
            else
            {
                seen.insert(y);
                x++;
            }
        } while (x < v.size());
    }
};

int main()
{
    std::vector<int> nums = { 25, 18, 25, 9, 3, 6, 18, 20, 17, 26, 4, 9, 22, 14, 2, 3, 1, 5, 3, 5, 6, 23, 3 };

    Helper h;
    h.RemoveDups(nums);

    // s == 'v' in MSVC and gcc
    char s = *(typeid(void).name());

    // output nonsquares shifted
    if (sizeof(char) < sizeof(unsigned short int) && sizeof(unsigned short int) <= sizeof(unsigned long int))
    {
        int count = 0;
        for (auto it = nums.begin(); it != nums.end(); it++)
        {
            // skip squares
            if (((int)sqrt(*it) * (int)sqrt(*it)) != *it)
            {
                printf("%c ", ((*it + (unsigned int)s - 'a') % 26) + 'a');
                count++;
            }

            s++;
        }

        printf("(%d%)\n", count - 3);
    }

    return 0;
}

Compiling and running that code prints this result:

o b f u s c a t i n g (8)

If you replace each letter with the keyword it represents, you get this phrase:

find short int name for sizeof set while at math class (8)

In mathematics, the size of a set is its cardinal number, also known as its cardinality. The shorter (and 8-letter) one of these is CARDINAL.